TopCoder problem "InverseCollatz" used in TCO06 Round 2 (Division I Level Two)



Problem Statement

    Given a positive integer j greater than 1, the corresponding Collatz sequence is produced by repeatedly applying f to j (and continues even after we reach 1). The function f behaves as follows:
             { x/2    if x is even
   f(x)  =   {
             { 3x+1   if x is odd
Suppose someone began with the value y and has started (but not necessarily finished) generating the Collatz sequence. Each time they apply f they write down 'E' or 'O' to denote whether the argument was even or odd, respectively. Given the String s they have written down, you must return a String of the form (quotes for clarity) "ak+b". Here a and b are integers with no extra leading zeros. The returned string must make the following set the collection of all possible numbers that could have begun the sequence:
	P = { ak + b | k >= 0 and ak + b > 1}
If there are multiple possible return values, choose the one with b minimal.
 

Definition

    
Class:InverseCollatz
Method:getForm
Parameters:String
Returns:String
Method signature:String getForm(String s)
(be sure your method is public)
    
 

Constraints

-s will contain between 1 and 50 characters, inclusive.
-Each character in s will be 'E' or 'O'.
-An 'O' will never be immediately followed by another 'O' in s.
 

Examples

0)
    
"EEE"
Returns: "8k+0"
The argument was even 3 times in a row, so the original value was a positive multiple of 8.
1)
    
"OE"
Returns: "2k+1"
The initial number had to be odd. After multiplying by 3 and adding 1, the next value will definitely be even.
2)
    
"OEO"
Returns: "4k+3"
3)
    
"EEEEOEEEEOEEEEOEEEEOEEEEOEEEEOEEEEOEEEEOEEEEOEEEEO"
Returns: "2199023255552k+1014933810256"

Problem url:

http://www.topcoder.com/stat?c=problem_statement&pm=6047

Problem stats url:

http://www.topcoder.com/tc?module=ProblemDetail&rd=9891&pm=6047

Writer:

AdminBrett

Testers:

PabloGilberto , lbackstrom , Olexiy

Problem categories:

Math, Simulation